Iyo abantu basaza, kugabanuka kwimikorere yubwonko bigenda bigaragara. Mu bantu bafite imyaka 20-49, benshi batangira kubona igabanuka ryimikorere yubwenge iyo bahuye nibuka cyangwa kwibagirwa. Kubafite imyaka 50-59, gutahura kugabanuka kwubwenge akenshi biza iyo batangiye kubona igabanuka ryibonekeje ryibuke.
Iyo ushakisha uburyo bwo kuzamura imikorere yubwonko, amatsinda atandukanye yibanda kubintu bitandukanye. Abantu bafite imyaka 20-29 bakunda kwibanda mugutezimbere ibitotsi kugirango bongere imikorere yubwonko (44.7%), mugihe abantu bafite imyaka 30-39 bashishikajwe no kugabanya umunaniro (47.5%). Kubafite imyaka 40-59, kunoza ibitekerezo bifatwa nkurufunguzo rwo kuzamura imikorere yubwonko (imyaka 40-49: 44%, 50-59: 43.4%).
Ibikoresho bizwi cyane mu Isoko ryubuzima bwubwonko
Mu rwego rwo kwisi yose yo kubaho ubuzima buzira umuze, isoko ryibiribwa bikora mubuyapani byibanda cyane cyane kubisubizo byubuzima bwihariye, ubuzima bwubwonko bukaba aribwo buryo bwibanze. Kugeza ku ya 11 Ukuboza 2024, Ubuyapani bwari bwanditse ibiryo 1012 bikora (dukurikije amakuru yemewe), muri byo 79 byari bifitanye isano n'ubuzima bw'ubwonko. Muri ibyo, GABA niyo yakoreshejwe cyane, ikurikirwa nalutein/zeaxanthin, ibibabi bya ginkgo (flavonoide, terpenoide),DHA, Bifidobacterium MCC1274, Portulaca oleracea saponins, paclitaxel, peptide imidazolidine,PQQ, na ergothioneine.
1. GABA
GABA (acid-aminobutyric acide) ni aside amine-aside amine aside yatangajwe bwa mbere na Steward na bagenzi be mu ngingo y'ibirayi mu 1949. Mu 1950, Roberts n'abandi. yamenyesheje GABA mu bwonko bw’inyamabere, yakozwe binyuze mu buryo budasubirwaho α-decarboxylation ya glutamate cyangwa umunyu wacyo, itangizwa na glutamate decarboxylase.
GABA ni neurotransmitter ikomeye iboneka cyane muri sisitemu yinyamabere. Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru ni ukugabanya ubwonko bwa neuronal mukubuza kwanduza ibimenyetso byimitsi. Mu bwonko, uburinganire buri hagati yo kubuza neurotransmission yabujijwe na GABA hamwe na neurotransmission ishimishije yahujwe na glutamate ni ngombwa kugirango ibungabunge ingirabuzimafatizo n'imikorere isanzwe.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko GABA ishobora guhagarika impinduka zifata ubwonko no kunoza imikorere nibikorwa byubwenge. Ubushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa bwerekana ko GABA itezimbere kwibuka igihe kirekire mu mbeba hamwe no kugabanuka kwubwenge kandi bigatera ikwirakwizwa rya selile ya neuroendocrine PC-12. Mu bigeragezo by’amavuriro, GABA yerekanwe ko yongera ubwonko bwa serot ikomoka ku bwonko bwa neurotrophique (BDNF) no kugabanya ibyago byo guta umutwe n’indwara ya Alzheimer ku bagore bageze mu za bukuru.
Byongeye kandi, GABA igira ingaruka nziza kumyumvire, guhangayika, umunaniro, no gusinzira. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko uruvange rwa GABA na L-theanine rushobora kugabanya ubukererwe bwibitotsi, kongera igihe cyo gusinzira, no kugenzura imvugo ya GABA na glutamate GluN1 reseptor subunits.
2. Lutein / Zeaxanthin
Luteinni carotenoide ya ogisijeni igizwe n'ibisigisigi umunani bya isoprene, polyene idahagije irimo imigozi icyenda ibiri, ikurura kandi ikanatanga urumuri ku burebure bwihariye, ikayiha amabara yihariye.Zeaxanthinni isomer ya lutein, itandukanye mumwanya wububiko bubiri mumuzingo.
Lutein na zeaxanthinni pigment yibanze muri retina. Lutein iboneka cyane muri retina ya peripheri, naho zeaxanthin yibanze muri macula yo hagati. Ingaruka zo gukingira lutein na zeaxanthin kumaso zirimo kunoza iyerekwa, kwirinda indwara ziterwa na macula (AMD), cataracte, glaucoma, no kwirinda retinopathie kubana batagejeje igihe.
Muri 2017, abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Jeworujiya basanze lutein na zeaxanthin bigira ingaruka nziza ku buzima bw'ubwonko ku bantu bakuze. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko abitabiriye amahugurwa bafite urugero rwa lutein na zeaxanthin bagaragaje ibikorwa byo mu bwonko buke iyo bakora imirimo yo kwibuka ijambo-byombi, byerekana imikorere myiza y’imitsi.
Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko Lutemax 2020, inyongera ya lutein ivuye muri Omeo, yongereye cyane urwego rwa BDNF (ubwonko bukomoka mu bwonko bukomoka ku bwonko), poroteyine ikomeye igira uruhare mu miterere y’imitsi, kandi ikaba ikomeye mu mikurire no gutandukanya neurone, kandi ifitanye isano na yo kuzamura imyigire, kwibuka, hamwe nibikorwa byubwenge.
(Inzira zubaka za lutein na zeaxanthin)
3. Gukuramo amababi ya Ginkgo (Flavonoide, Terpenoide)
Ginkgo biloba, ubwoko bwonyine bukiriho mu muryango wa ginkgo, bakunze kwita "ibisigazwa bizima." Amababi n'imbuto byayo bikoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwa farumasi kandi ni umwe mu miti gakondo ikoreshwa cyane ku isi. Ibikoresho bikora mubibabi bya ginkgo ni flavonoide na terpenoide, bifite ibintu nko gufasha kugabanya lipide, ingaruka za antioxydeant, kunoza kwibuka, kugabanya amaso, no gutanga uburinzi bwangiza umwijima.
Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima ryita ku bimera bivura imiti risobanura ibyo bisanzweginkgoibibabi byamababi bigomba kuba birimo 22-27% flavonoide glycoside na terpenoide 5-7%, hamwe na aside ginkgolike iri munsi ya mg / kg 5. Mu Buyapani, Ishyirahamwe ry’ibiribwa n’ubuzima n’imirire ryashyizeho ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ibiti bivamo amababi ya ginkgo, bisaba flavonoide glycoside byibuze 24% na terpenoide byibura 6%, hamwe na aside ginkgolike ibikwa munsi ya saa kumi nimwe zumugoroba. Gusabwa gufata buri munsi kubantu bakuru ni hagati ya 60 na 240 mg.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko igihe kirekire cyo gukoresha ibibabi bya ginkgo bisanzwe, ugereranije na platbo, bishobora kuzamura ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe byubwenge, harimo kwibuka neza hamwe nubushobozi bwo guca imanza. Byongeye kandi, ibivamo ginkgo byavuzwe ko bizamura ubwonko bwamaraso nibikorwa.
4. DHA
DHA (acide docosahexaenoic) ni omega-3 ndende ya polyunsaturated fatty acide (PUFA). Yinshi mu biribwa byo mu nyanja n'ibicuruzwa byabo, cyane cyane amafi arimo amavuta, atanga garama 0,68-1.3 za DHA kuri garama 100. Ibiribwa bishingiye ku nyamaswa nk'amagi n'inyama birimo DHA nkeya. Byongeye kandi, amata yumuntu nandi mata y’inyamabere nayo arimo DHA. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bagore barenga 2,400 mu bushakashatsi 65 bwerekanye ko impuzandengo ya DHA mu mata y’ibere ari 0.32% y’uburemere bwa aside irike yose, kuva kuri 0.06% kugeza kuri 1.4%, hamwe n’abaturage bo ku nkombe bafite DHA nyinshi mu mata y’ibere.
DHA ifitanye isano no gukura mu bwonko, imikorere, n'indwara. Ubushakashatsi bunini bwerekana ko DHA ishobora kongera ubwonko bwa neurotransmission, imikurire ya neuronal, plastique synaptic, hamwe na neurotransmitter irekura. Isesengura ryakozwe na 15 ryageragejwe ryerekanwe ko impuzandengo yo gufata buri munsi ya mg 580 ya DHA yazamuye cyane episodic yibuka kubantu bakuze bafite ubuzima bwiza (bafite imyaka 18-90) nabafite ubumuga bwubwenge buke.
Uburyo bwa DHA bwibikorwa birimo: 1) kugarura igipimo cya n-3 / n-6 PUFA; 2) kubuza imyaka neuroinflammation ijyanye n'imyaka iterwa na M1 microglial selile ikabije; 3) guhagarika phenotype ya A1 astrocyte mukugabanya ibimenyetso bya A1 nka C3 na S100B; 4) guhagarika neza inzira ya signal ya proBDNF / p75 idahinduye ubwonko bukomoka mubwonko bukomoka kuri neurotrophique ibintu bifitanye isano na kinase B; na 5) guteza imbere ubuzima bwa neuronal mukongera fosifatiqueylserine, byorohereza protein kinase B (Akt) membrane guhinduranya no gukora.
5. Bifidobacterium MCC1274
Inda, bakunze kwita "ubwonko bwa kabiri," byagaragaye ko ifite imikoranire ikomeye n'ubwonko. Inda, nkurugingo rufite umuvuduko wigenga, irashobora gukora yigenga idafite amabwiriza yubwonko butaziguye. Nyamara, isano iri hagati yinda nubwonko ikomeza binyuze muri sisitemu ya autonomic nervous sisitemu, ibimenyetso bya hormone, na cytokine, bigakora icyo bita "igifu-ubwonko."
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko bagiteri zo mu nda zigira uruhare mu kwegeranya poroteyine β-amyloide, ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi mu ndwara ya Alzheimer. Ugereranije no kugenzura neza, abarwayi ba Alzheimer bagabanije mikorobe zitandukanye, hamwe no kugabanuka kwa Bifidobacterium.
Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe bw’abantu ku bantu bafite ubumuga bworoheje bwo kumenya (MCI), kunywa Bifidobacterium MCC1274 byateje imbere imikorere y’ubwenge mu kizamini cyo kwibuka cyitwa Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBANS). Amanota mubice nko kwibuka byihuse, ubushobozi-bwo kubona-umwanya, gutunganya ibintu bigoye, hamwe no gutinda kwibuka nabyo byatejwe imbere cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-06-2025