Niyasini

NiyasiniVitamine B3, ni imwe muri vitamine z’ingenzi zishongesha amazi mu mubiri kugira ngo ibiryo bihinduke ingufu. Vitamine n’imyunyungugu byose ni ingenzi ku buzima bwiza, ariko niacin ni nziza cyane ku mitsi n’igogora. Reka turebere hamwe mu buryo bwimbitse kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza ibyiza bya niacin n’ingaruka mbi zayo.

Niacin iboneka mu biribwa byinshi kandi iboneka mu nyongeramusaruro no mu buryo bwa muganga, bityo biroroshye kubona niacin ihagije no kubona inyungu zayo ku buzima. Ingirabuzimafatizo mu mubiri zihindura niacin muri coenzyme ikoreshwa yitwa nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), ikoreshwa n'imisemburo irenga 400 mu mubiri kugira ngo ikore imirimo y'ingenzi.

Nubwo kubura niacin bidakunze kugaragara mu bantu bo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bishobora kuba bikomeye bigatera indwara y’umubiri yitwa pellagra. Indwara yoroheje ya pellagra ishobora gutera impiswi n’uruhu, mu gihe ikwirakwira cyane ishobora gutera indwara yo kwibagirwa ndetse ikaba yanahitana abantu.

Pellagra ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bakuru bari hagati y'imyaka 20 na 50, ariko ishobora kwirindwa ukoresheje indyo isabwa (RDA) ya niacin. RDA y'abantu bakuru kuri niacin ni miligarama 14 kugeza kuri 16 ku munsi. Niacin iboneka mu biribwa nk'amafi, inkoko, inyama z'inka, inyama z'inka, imbuto n'imboga. Niacin ishobora kandi gukorwa mu mubiri ikoresheje aside amine tryptophan. Iyi aside amine iboneka mu biribwa nk'inkoko, inyama z'inka, imbuto z'ibinyampeke, imbuto n'ibikomoka kuri soya.

Niacin kandi iboneka muri vitamine nyinshi zitangwa mu buryo bwa "multivitamine" nk'inyongeramusaruro. Vitamine zombi za Nature Made na Centrum z'abantu bakuru zirimo 20 mg ya niacin kuri buri kinini, bingana na 125% by'umuti wa RDA w'abantu bakuru. Aside Nicotinic na nicotinamide ni ubwoko bubiri bw'inyongeramusaruro za niacin. Inyongeramusaruro za niacin zitangwa mu buryo bwa "content" ziboneka mu buryo butandukanye (50 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg) buri hejuru y'umuti wa RDA. Ubwoko bwa niacin butangwa na muganga burimo amazina nka Niaspan (extended-release) na Niacor (ako kanya) kandi ziboneka mu buryo bwa "content" bungana na 1.000 mg. Niacin iboneka mu buryo bwa "long-release" kugira ngo igabanye ingaruka zimwe na zimwe.

Hari igihe niacin itangwa hamwe n'imiti igabanya cholesterol nka statins kugira ngo ifashe mu kuvugurura urugero rw'ibinure mu maraso.

Ibindi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko niacin ari nziza ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'umutima kuko idagabanya cholesterol ya LDL gusa ahubwo inagabanya triglycerides. Niacin ishobora kugabanya urugero rwa triglyceride ku kigero cya 20% kugeza kuri 50%.